Perché il tubo in silicone si delamina: cause principali e soluzioni ingegneristiche

Perché il tubo in silicone si delamina
– Cause, Rischi e prevenzione ingegneristica.

Introduzione

Silicone hose delamination is a common but often misunderstood failure mode in automotive, industriale, and hydrogen fuel cell applications.
It occurs when bonding between silicone layers or between silicone and reinforcement weakens, leading to separation under heat, pressione, or long-term aging.

At HOTOP, delamination is treated as a system-level engineering issue, not a single material defect.

What Is Silicone Hose Delamination?

Delamination refers to the loss of adhesion between layers inside a silicone hose structure.
This may include:

• Separation between inner and outer silicone layers

• Loss of bonding between silicone rubber and fabric reinforcement

• Localized blistering or internal peeling after aging

Once delamination begins, hose integrity degrades rapidly and may result in leakage or sudden failure.

Where Delamination Typically Occurs

Silicone hose delamination most commonly appears under the following operating conditions:

• High temperature environments (>150° C)

• Repeated thermal cycling

• Pulsating internal pressure (turbo, air supply systems)

• Long-term exposure to coolant, nebbia d'olio, or humid air

• Vibration combined with pressure load

These conditions are typical in automotive turbo systems, EV cooling loops, and hydrogen fuel cell air circuits.

Root Causes of Delamination (Engineering Perspective)

1. Composti siliconici incompatibili

Using different silicone formulations across layers with mismatched hardness, elongation, or thermal expansion creates internal shear stress during operation.

Col tempo, this stress weakens interlayer bonding.

2. Insufficient Bonding to Reinforcement

If fabric reinforcement is not properly treated or matched to the silicone compound, adhesion strength decreases after heat aging and pressure cycling.

This is one of the most common hidden causes of delamination.

3. Controllo improprio della vulcanizzazione

Non-uniform curing temperature, insufficient curing time, or unstable curing conditions can lead to incomplete crosslinking between layers.

Even visually perfect hoses may contain weak bonding interfaces.

4. Long-Term Thermal and Pressure Aging

Delamination rarely appears immediately.
It develops progressively under combined effects of temperature, pressione, and time.

Without proper validation, early-stage separation may go undetected.

Risks Caused by Delamination

Delamination is not only a cosmetic defect. It directly impacts system safety and reliability:

• Reduced pressure resistance

• Internal leakage paths

• Sudden hose rupture under load

• Unstable airflow or coolant flow

• Increased system maintenance risk

In hydrogen fuel cell systems, delamination may also increase contamination risk to sensitive components.

How HOTOP Prevents Silicone Hose Delamination

HOTOP applies preventive controls throughout material selection, structure design, and manufacturing processes.

Unified Material System

• Carefully matched silicone compounds across layers

• Consistent mechanical and thermal properties

• Controlled compound compatibility testing

Y a forma di tubo

Reinforcement Interface Optimization

• Fabric reinforcement selected for silicone adhesion

• Pre-treatment processes to enhance bonding

• Flessibilità e resistenza alla pressione bilanciate

Controlled Vulcanization Process

• Precisely defined curing profiles

• Stable temperature and time control

• Process traceability for each production batch

Post-Curing and Aging Validation

• Thermal aging tests

• Test di mantenimento della pressione e cicli

• Section inspection after aging

• Verifica della pressione di scoppio

These steps ensure bonding stability throughout the hose service life.

Typical Applications Requiring Delamination Control

• Turbocharger and charge air silicone hoses

• EV thermal management hoses

• Hydrogen fuel cell air supply hoses

• High-temperature industrial silicone hose systems

Supporto tecnico da HOTOP

HOTOP supports customers from early development to mass production:

• Application and operating condition review

• Hose structure and reinforcement recommendation

• Campionamento e validazione del prototipo

• Stable production with controlled lead time

Our engineering-driven approach minimizes delamination risk before products reach service conditions.

Conclusione

Silicone hose delamination is not a random defect.
It is the result of material compatibility, progettazione strutturale, and process control.

By treating delamination as an engineering challenge rather than a production issue, HOTOP delivers silicone hose solutions with long-term reliability in demanding applications.